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Official Languages: Spanish

English is spoken in some hotels, tourist restaurants, and organized tour services, but outside main visitor areas Spanish is much more common.

Mobile Network: Mobile coverage is generally strongest in cities and main towns, but speeds can be slow and service can be congested. Access quality may vary significantly by area and time of day.

Roaming/SIM/eSIM: Roaming can be expensive and may not work well for all carriers, so confirm with your home operator before departure. A local SIM can be the most practical choice for longer stays if your phone is unlocked, but availability and setup may take time. eSIM options can be convenient for short visits if your device supports them, though performance depends on the underlying local network and provider agreements. Download maps, bookings, and key documents in advance because connectivity is not always reliable.

Card acceptance is limited and uneven. International cards may work in some hotels, larger restaurants, and tourist facilities, but outages and restrictions are common. Cash remains essential for many daily purchases, transport, and small businesses.

Tipping is commonly expected in the tourism sector because wages are low. In restaurants, around 10 percent is typical if service is not already included. Small tips are appreciated for hotel staff, drivers, guides, and musicians when service is helpful. Cash tips in Cuban pesos are practical, though some tourist-facing businesses may prefer other major currencies when legally accepted.

Plug Type: Type A, Type B, commonly Type C in some places

Voltage: 110 V, commonly 60 Hz; some accommodations also provide 220 V outlets

Adapter: Possibly. Many travelers from North America may not need a plug adapter for Type A or B, but voltage compatibility should still be checked. Travelers from most of Europe usually need a plug adapter, and checking whether your accommodation offers 220 V is important.