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Official Languages: Arabic

English is not widely spoken. French is commonly used in business and travel settings, and Hassaniya Arabic is widely spoken locally.

Mobile Network: Mobile coverage is generally usable in Nouakchott and other main towns, but quality can drop sharply on remote roads and in desert regions. Data speeds are typically adequate for messaging and basic browsing in urban areas, but not always reliable for heavy use.

Roaming/SIM/eSIM: Roaming is convenient for short stays but can be expensive and may offer weaker value for data. A local SIM usually gives the best price for calls and mobile data if your phone is unlocked and you have passport identification for registration. eSIM availability is more limited than in many larger markets, so confirm support before arrival; for many travelers, a physical local SIM is still the more practical option. If you plan desert travel, download offline maps and keep key bookings and contacts saved offline because coverage may disappear outside towns.

Card acceptance is limited. International cards are mainly useful in a small number of higher-end hotels or businesses in Nouakchott. Cash is essential for most daily spending, transport, small shops, fuel stops, and travel outside the capital.

Tipping is not as formalized as in some tourist-heavy countries, but small tips are appreciated for helpful service. In restaurants, service may already be modestly included; if not, rounding up or leaving around 5 to 10 percent in higher-end places is commonly appreciated. For hotel staff, porters, drivers, and guides, small cash tips are typical if service is good. Keep small notes available.

Plug Type: Type C and Type E

Voltage: 220 V, 50 Hz

Adapter: Often yes if your plugs are not Type C or Type E. Travelers from countries using 110 V systems should also check device voltage compatibility.